eugenics

  • How Eugenics Shaped U.S. Immigration Law: The Legal Legacy Of Racialized Policy

    In the early decades of the 20th century, American immigration law underwent a fundamental transformation. At the heart of this shift was the integration of eugenic ideology into legislative policymaking—a movement that redefined legal standards for entry into the United States and reinforced deep-rooted racial and ethnic hierarchies. This long-form article explores the evolution of…

  • ‘The Relf Sisters Never Consented’: Landmark Case Unmasked U.S. Government’s Role in Coerced Sterilization of Black Girls

    In 1973, in the heart of Montgomery, Alabama, two young Black sisters—Mary Alice and Minnie Relf—were subjected to an irreversible medical procedure they never consented to. At just 14 and 12 years old, the girls were forcibly sterilized by a federally funded clinic. Their mother, who could neither read nor write, had unknowingly signed a…

  • Buck v. Bell (1927): A Dark Chapter in U.S. Legal History

    In 1927, the U.S. Supreme Court handed down a decision in Buck v. Bell that has since remained one of the most controversial in American legal history. The case centered around Carrie Buck, a young woman from Virginia who was forcibly sterilized after being diagnosed with “feeblemindedness.” The Case of Carrie Buck Carrie Buck’s story…